Test Bank For History of Modern Psychology 10th Edition Schultz

1. ​Describe the circumstances under which Bessel discovered the importance of the human observer. To what two conclusions did his findings lead? What were the consequences of his work in terms of subsequent developments in early physiology?

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.

POINTS:   1

NOTES:   WWW

2. Describe Müller’s doctrine of the specific energies of nerves. Why was it so important to the early years of modern psychology?

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.​

POINTS:   1

3. Identify the early physiologists who made substantial contributions to the mapping of brain functions and describe the methods and findings of each.

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.​

POINTS:   1

4. Why did experimental psychology begin in Germany rather than in other European countries?

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.

POINTS:   1

NOTES:   WWW

5. What contributions led to the description of Helmholtz as “one of the greatest scientists of the 19^th century”?

ANSWER:   ​Answer not provided.

POINTS:   1

6. Describe the research and findings of Ernst Weber. What was the importance of his work on later physiologists? What was its importance to the new psychology?

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.

POINTS:   1

7. Discuss why Fechner’s work may have been the necessary precondition for the founding of psychology as a separate discipline.

ANSWER:   Answer not provided.​

POINTS:   1

8. ​Why was David Kinnebrook fired?

  a.  ​He dated, but did not marry, the daughter of his boss.

  b.  ​His observations differed from the observations of his boss.

  c.  ​He was incompetent.

  d.  ​He was never able to learn to use the equipment correctly.

  e.  None of the choices are correct.​

ANSWER:   b

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   David K. Makes a Mistake: The Importance of the Human Observer

9. ​Bessel began the study of individual differences in perception by noting that ____.

  a.  ​humans differ in the speed with which they react to a loud sound

  b.  ​animals, such as dogs, have a wider range for hearing sounds than do humans

  c.  ​time space must be measured in relative units

  d.  ​astronomers differed in their time estimates in measuring the transit of a star

  e.  ​None of the choices are correct.

ANSWER:   d

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   David K. Makes a Mistake: The Importance of the Human Observer

10. Whose research would support the argument that there is no such thing as objective observation?​

  a.  ​Maskelyne’s

  b.  ​Bessel’s

  c.  ​Locke’s

  d.  ​Muller’s

  e.  ​Wundt’s

ANSWER:   b

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   David K. Makes a Mistake: The Importance of the Human Observer

12. Until the work of ____, experimentation was not the preferred method in physiology.​

  a.  ​Galileo

  b.  ​Newton

  c.  ​J. Müller

  d.  ​Broca

  e.  ​Wundt

ANSWER:   c

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   Developments in Early Physiology

NOTES:   WWW

13. Johannes Müller found that nerves only give information characteristic of the sense associated with it. This means that when an auditory nerve is stimulated, it will result in someone hearing a sound, even when no noise is present. Müller called this ____.​

  a.  ​the doctrine of the specific energies of nerves

  b.  ​specificity

  c.  ​neuronal tubule clarity

  d.  ​the postmortem method

  e.  ​the experimental method in physiology

ANSWER:   a

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   Developments in Early Physiology

14. Johannes Müller’s most influential publications was ____.​

  a.  ​The Nervous system of Animals

  b.  ​The Senses

  c.  ​The Handbook of the Physiology of Mankind

  d.  ​Experimental Methods

  e.  ​Interpretation of Dreams

ANSWER:   c

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   Developments in Early Physiology

15. The practice of psychosurgery such as prefrontal lobotomies, has its roots in the ____.​

  a.  ​implementation of the experimental method in physiology

  b.  ​doctrine of the specific energies of nerves

  c.  ​electrical stimulation method

  d.  ​postmortem method

  e.  ​extirpation method

ANSWER:   e

POINTS:   1

REFERENCES:   Developments in Early Physiology